Evolution: Class 12 Previous Year Questions

Evolution questions asked in CBSE board exams

Repeated questions first. Open the free app to see each question as it appeared in the paper, with its marking scheme.

1. (a) How is Hardy-Weinberg expression (p2 + 2pq + q2) = 1 derived ? 2 (b) List any two factors that disturb the genetic equilibrium.
   Board 20263 marksshort answer
2. The idea of use and disuse of organs for evolution of organism was proposed by 1 (A) Charles Darwin (B) Thomas Malthus (C) Hugo De Vries (D) Lamarck
   Board 20261 markMCQ
3. _________ Page 5 of 24 { } 5. What conclusion can be drawn if the forelimbs of an aquatic animal and a terrestrial animal have similar anatomical structure ? 1 (A) Live in same habitat (B) Share common ancestors (C) Forelimbs perform same functions (D) Forelim…
   Board 20261 markMCQ
4. How does the process of Natural Selection affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ? Explain with the help of graphs.
   Board 20253 marksshort answer
5. Which one of the following options shows the correct evolutionary order of the plants mentioned below ? Ferns (i) (i) Ginkgo (iv) (iii) Zosterophyllum Gnetales Choose the correct option. (A) (B) (i), (iii), (i), (iv) (iii), (i), (ii), (iv) (C) (i), (ii), (ii),…
   Board 20251 markMCQ
6. (a) Explain the significance of the experiment carried out by S.L. Miller. Name the scientists whose hypothesis prompted him to carry out this experiment. 2 2 1 (b) How does meteorite analysis favour this hypothesis ? 2 1 14 25. ZrMo Xr JB© Vm{bH$m _| A, B, C,…
   Board 20243 marksshort answer
7. Observe the picture given below. Name the naturalist and write the explanation given by him that evolution of life forms had occurred on the basis of this example.
   Board 20242 marksshort answer
8. Which one of the following statements is not true ? (A) Flippers of whales and dolphins are homologous organs. (B) Homologous organs have similar anatomical structure, but perform different functions. (C) Homology indicates common ancestry. (D) Homologous stru…
   Board 20241 markMCQ
9. JJJJ Page 9 7. Select the option that gives the correct description of the process of Natural Selection with respect to the length of the neck of giraffe. (a) Stabilising selection as giraffes with longer neck lengths are selected further. (b) Disruptive selec…
   Board 20231 markMCQ
10. JJJJ Page 21 25. (a) Da limitations have been identified by modern biologists. Mention the limitations identified. (b) Name and state the most accepted theory of evolution in modern times. (c) Mention any two ways the of evolution are explained in modern biolo…
    Board 20233 marksshort answer
11. JJJJ Page 4 3. Cg {dH$ën H$mo nhMm{ZE Omo {ZåZ {MÌ _| {XImE JE Am°ñQ´>o{b`m Ho$ EH$ hr Amdmg _| ahZo dmbo Xmo OÝVwAm| Ho$ {dH$mg Ho$ ghr àH$ma H$mo {Zê${nV H$aVm h¡ & Myhm {eewYmZr Myhm (a) A{^gmar {dH$mg (b) {dI§{S>V M`Z (c) Angmar {dH$mg (d) g_OmV nyd©O na§n…
    Board 20231 markMCQ
12. Select the option that gives the correct description of the process of natural selection with respect to the length of the neck of the giraffe. A. Stabilising selection as giraffes with longer neck lengths are selected further. B. Disruptive selection as giraf…
    Sample paper 2026-271 markMCQ
13. (a) State any FOUR phenomena in which the Hardy-Weinberg theorem may not hold true. (b) A population of 100 individuals has a frequency of allele A of 0.3 and a frequency of allele a of 0.7. The frequency of the heterozygous genotype (Aa) is 0.49. Is this popu…
    CBSE practice 2023-243 marksshort answer
14. The figure given below shows white winged and dark winged moth present on a tree trunk with variable lichen growth (a) in unpolluted area and (b) in polluted area. Which variety of moth is likely to survive in these two conditions? Justify your answer.
    CBSE practice 2023-243 marksshort answer
15. Comparative anatomy and morphology studies deepened the understanding of evolution. The presence of analogous and homologous structures provides important evidence in the favour of evolution. Which of the following is/are examples of HOMOLOGOUS structures foun…
    CBSE practice 2022-231 markMCQ
16. Oysters are generally either dark or light in colour. Dark oysters excel in dark environments, while light oysters thrive in bright environments. Intermediate-coloured oysters are disadvantaged, lacking effective camouflage in either setting. Which type of nat…
    CBSE practice 2023-241 markMCQ
17. A team of archaeologists found a fossilized skeleton of a human-like creature with a brain capacity of more than 700cc. The structure and its associated findings also show evidence that this creature could use tools for hunting. Which stage of human evolution …
    CBSE practice 2023-241 markMCQ
18. Fossil records show that the size of the black bears in Europe increased during each glacial period. Which of the following graphs represents this case? a) Graph A b) Graph B c) Graph C d) None of the above
    CBSE practice 2023-241 markvery short
19. The process of evolution of different species in a geographical area starting from a point and radiating to other areas of geography is called – a) Founder effect b) Adaptive radiation c) Convergent evolution d) Saltation 1 Th f il b l h h i h i f D h M l
    CBSE practice 2023-241 markvery short

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